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Deviation of a local ring : ウィキペディア英語版
Deviation of a local ring
In commutative algebra, the deviations of a local ring ''R'' are certain invariants ε''i''(''R'') that measure how far the ring is from being regular.
==Definition==

The deviations ε''n'' of a local ring ''R'' with residue field ''k'' are non-negative integers defined in terms of its Poincaré series ''P''(''x'') by
: P(x)=\sum_x^n \operatorname^R_n(k,k) = \prod_ \frac}}}}.

The zeroth deviation ε0 is the embedding dimension of ''R'' (the dimension of its tangent space). The first deviation ε1 vanishes exactly when the ring ''R'' is a regular local ring, in which case all the higher deviations also vanish. The second deviation ε2 vanishes exactly when the ring ''R'' is a complete intersection ring, in which case all the higher deviations vanish.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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